Surgical Procedures

Total (or simple) mastectomy: The surgeon removes the entire breast. Some lymph nodes under the arm may be removed, also.
Modified radical mastectomy: The surgeon removes the breast, some of the lymph nodes under the arm, and the lining over the chest muscles, and sometimes part of the chest wall muscles.
Radical mastectomy: The surgeon removes the breast, chest muscles, and all the lymph nodes under the arm. This was the standard operation for many years, but it is used now only when a tumor has spread to the chest muscles.

A mastectomy may be recommended when:

• Cancer is found in more than one part of the breast.
• The breast is small or shaped so that a lumpectomy would leave little breast tissue or a very deformed breast.
• A woman chooses not to have radiation therapy.
• A woman prefers a mastectomy.

Possible Problems: As in any kind of surgery, there is a risk of infection, poor wound healing, bleeding, or a reaction to the anesthesia used in surgery. There may be a collection of fluid under the skin; or tingling, numbness, stiffness, weakness, or swelling of the arm. Physical therapy and exercise can help to restore arm movement and strength.



The material in the above sections is taken in its entirety from the National Cancer Institute Booklet (No. 98-4251) entitled, "Understanding Breast Cancer Treatment: A Guide for Patients." Illustrations drawn and contributed by Susan Sprangler.

Our staff has prepared recommendations on preparing yourself for a mastectomy and for taking care of yourself after your surgery. These recommendations are intended to supplement, not replace the advice of your health care providers. Please click here to learn more.

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